Permit

What is a Permit?

A permit is official authorization from local government authorities required before beginning most construction, renovation, or building work. Permits ensure work complies with building codes, zoning laws, and safety regulations.

Working without required permits can result in fines, work stoppages, and forced removal of completed work.

Common Types of Building Permits

Building Permits

Required for structural work, additions, and new construction.

Typical Projects

• Room additions and renovations
• Structural modifications
• New home construction
• Garage and outbuilding construction

Electrical Permits

Required for electrical system installations and modifications.

Common Work

• Panel upgrades and new circuits
• Outlet and fixture installations
• Whole-house rewiring
• Electric vehicle charging stations

Plumbing Permits

Required for plumbing system changes and installations.

Typical Projects

• Bathroom and kitchen renovations
• Water heater installations
• Pipe rerouting and replacements
• New plumbing fixtures

Mechanical Permits

Required for HVAC system installations and modifications.

Common Work

• Furnace and air conditioner installations
• Ductwork modifications
• Ventilation system installations
• Gas line connections

Permit Process

1. Application Submission

Submit detailed plans, specifications, and permit application to local building department.

2. Plan Review

Building officials review plans for code compliance and issue approval or request modifications.

3. Permit Issuance

Once approved, permit is issued allowing work to begin.

4. Inspections

Required inspections at specific project milestones to verify code compliance.

5. Final Approval

Certificate of occupancy or completion issued after final inspection passes.

Who Can Apply for Permits

Licensed Contractors: Can pull permits for their specialty work in most jurisdictions.

Homeowners: Can often pull permits for work on their own primary residence.

Design Professionals: Architects and engineers can pull permits for projects they design.

Permit Expeditors: Specialists who handle permit applications for contractors and owners.

Permit Costs and Timeline

Typical Costs

• Small projects: $50-$500
• Room additions: $500-$2,000
• New homes: $1,000-$5,000+
• Commercial projects: Based on project value, often $2,000-$10,000+

Timeline Considerations

• Simple permits: 1-2 weeks
• Complex projects: 4-8 weeks or longer
• Expedited review: Available in some jurisdictions for additional fees

Benefits of Proper Permits

Legal Protection: Ensures work complies with local laws and regulations.

Insurance Coverage: Many insurance policies require proper permits for coverage.

Resale Value: Permitted work typically adds more value to property.

Safety Assurance: Inspections verify work meets safety standards.

Utility Connections: Required for new electrical, gas, and water service.

Risks of Unpermitted Work

• Fines and penalties from building departments
• Forced removal of completed work
• Insurance claim denials
• Difficulty selling property
• Safety hazards from uninspected work
• Legal liability for contractors